Shumei (朱銘) – “Vermillion Signature”

• A red lacquer inscription, usually written by an expert, historian, or appraiser.
• Often found on blades attributed to famous swordsmiths by later generations.
• May indicate official recognition by a sword appraisal institution.
• Example: 朱銘長曽祢虎徹 (Shumei Nagasone Kotetsu) – “Attributed to Nagasone Kotetsu in red lacquer.”